Cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub zog tsim hluav taws xob

Lub hnub ci ntsa iab rau ntawm qhov chaw sib tshuam PN semiconductor, tsim ib khub qhov-electron tshiab. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw sib tshuam PN, qhov dej ntws los ntawm thaj tsam P mus rau thaj tsam N, thiab cov electron ntws los ntawm thaj tsam N mus rau thaj tsam P. Thaum lub voj voog txuas nrog, tam sim no raug tsim. Yog li ntawd cov photoelectric effect solar cells ua haujlwm li cas.

Kev tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub ci Muaj ob hom kev tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub ci, ib qho yog hom hloov hluav taws xob los ntawm lub teeb mus rau cua sov, qhov tod yog hom hloov hluav taws xob los ntawm lub teeb mus rau hluav taws xob ncaj qha.

(1) Txoj kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob los ntawm lub teeb-kub-hluav taws xob siv lub zog thermal uas tsim los ntawm lub hnub ci los tsim hluav taws xob. Feem ntau, lub zog thermal uas nqus tau raug hloov mus rau hauv cov pa ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm los ntawm lub hnub ci collector, thiab tom qab ntawd lub turbine pa dej raug tsav los tsim hluav taws xob. Cov txheej txheem qub yog cov txheej txheem hloov pauv hluav taws xob los ntawm lub teeb-kub; Cov txheej txheem tom kawg yog cov txheej txheem hloov pauv hluav taws xob los ntawm cua sov.

(2) Cov nyhuv photoelectric yog siv los hloov lub zog hnub ci ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob. Lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv photoelectric yog lub hnub ci cell. Lub hnub ci cell yog ib lub cuab yeej uas hloov lub zog hnub ci ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob vim yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm photogeneration volt. Nws yog ib lub semiconductor photodiode. Thaum lub hnub ci rau ntawm lub photodiode, lub photodiode yuav hloov lub zog hnub ci mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob thiab tsim hluav taws xob. Thaum ntau lub cell txuas nrog ua ke lossis ua ke, ib lub xwmfab ntawm cov cell hnub ci nrog lub zog tso zis loj tuaj yeem tsim tau.

Tam sim no, crystalline silicon (xws li polysilicon thiab monocrystalline silicon) yog cov ntaub ntawv photovoltaic tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws cov feem ntawm kev ua lag luam yog ntau dua 90%, thiab yav tom ntej rau lub sijhawm ntev yuav tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnub ci hlwb.

Tau ntev heev, cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polysilicon tau raug tswj hwm los ntawm 10 lub Hoobkas ntawm 7 lub tuam txhab hauv 3 lub tebchaws, xws li Tebchaws Meskas, Nyiv Pooj thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, tsim kev thaiv thev naus laus zis thiab kev lag luam monopoly.

Qhov kev thov polysilicon feem ntau yog los ntawm semiconductors thiab lub hnub ci cell. Raws li qhov kev xav tau sib txawv ntawm kev huv, muab faib ua theem hluav taws xob thiab theem hnub ci. Ntawm lawv, qib hluav taws xob polysilicon suav txog li 55%, qib hnub ci polysilicon suav txog 45%.

Nrog KEV TXHIM KHO sai ntawm kev lag luam PHOTOVOLTAIC, qhov kev thov rau polysilicon hauv cov hlwb hnub ci loj hlob sai dua li kev txhim kho ntawm semiconductor polysilicon, thiab nws xav tias qhov kev thov rau hnub ci polysilicon yuav tshaj qhov ntawm cov hluav taws xob-qib polysilicon los ntawm xyoo 2008.

Xyoo 1994, tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci hauv ntiaj teb tsuas yog 69MW xwb, tab sis xyoo 2004 nws ze li ntawm 1200MW, nce 17 npaug hauv 10 xyoo xwb. Cov kws tshaj lij kwv yees tias kev lag luam photovoltaic hnub ci yuav dhau lub zog nuclear ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st.